During the development of cell lines, site-specific integration technology is gradually replacing random integration technology, mainly because it has the advantages of high precision, high stability, low immunogenicity and toxicity, simplified screening process, and strong controllability.

High precision

Site-specific integration technology can integrate exogenous genes into specific locations on the host cell chromosome, which can accurately control the expression and regulation of exogenous genes. Compared with random integration technology, which integrates multiple copies of foreign DNA randomly into the host cell's chromosomes, site-specific integration technology has higher precision.

High stability

Site-specific integration technology can integrate exogenous genes into the host cell chromosome stably, which can reduce the instability caused by random integration and improve the stability of the cell line. Random integration technology may result in the loss or rearrangement of exogenous genes, leading to the instability of the cell line.

Low immunogenicity and toxicity

Site-specific integration technology can avoid the problems of gene recombination and mutation, reducing the toxicity and immunogenicity of the cell line and ensuring the quality and safety of the produced biological drugs.

Simplified screening process

The screening process in cell line development can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Site-specific integration technology can simplify the screening process compared with random integration technology. Random integration technology may introduce multiple copies of genes, leading to a more complicated screening process, which consumes more time and resources. Site-specific integration technology can integrate exogenous genes into specific locations on the host cell chromosome, avoiding the problem of multiple copy genes, reducing the complexity and time consumption of the screening process.

Strong controllability

Site-specific integration technology can achieve more precise control. It can integrate exogenous genes into specific locations on the host cell chromosome according to the design of genetic engineering, which can better control the expression and regulation of exogenous genes. In contrast, random integration technology randomly integrates multiple exogenous DNAs into the host cell's chromosomes, making it difficult to achieve precise control.

In summary, site-specific integration technology is gradually replacing random integration technology in cell line development mainly due to its advantages of high precision, high stability, low immunogenicity and toxicity, simplified screening process, and strong controllability. These advantages can not only improve the production efficiency and quality of cell lines but also ensure the quality and safety of produced biological drugs. Therefore, site-specific integration technology will become the main trend in cell line development in the future of the biopharmaceutical industry.